The hip is a ball and socket joint. It includes two main bones – the femur (thigh bone) and the acetabulum (part of the pelvis which is the hip’s socket). They are held in place with strong ligaments. Cartilage lines the edge of the acetabulum and head of the femur to let the bones glide across each other smoothly.
The hip’s impressive range of motion is controlled by several large muscle groups. Flexor and extensor muscles work together and allow you to move your leg backwards and forwards, while abductors and adductors let you move it side to side (such as when you do jumping jacks). Combined with internal and external rotator muscles, which let you rotate your foot inwards and outwards, these muscles give your hip the largest range of motion out of any joint.
Despite this, the hip remains one of the most stable joints in the body and bears more weight than almost any other. Due to the great load which goes through it, the hip joint is particularly prone to wear and tear with age.
Dr George Awwad is a hip surgeon based in Adelaide and is able to assist in a range of hip conditions, treatments and surgeries in one of his Adelaide locations.